:root {
    --teal: #13a077;
    --teal-soft: #e6f7f2;
    --teal-mid: #a8dece;
    --navy: #0f2d4a;
    --text: #1a2e3d;
    --muted: #5e7a8c;
    --border: #dce9f0;
    --bg: #f4f8fb;
    --white: #ffffff;
    --radius: 14px;
    --pending: #f59e0b;
    --approved: #13a077;
    --rejected: #e53e3e;
}

*,
*::before,
*::after {
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
    font-family: 'Outfit', sans-serif;
    background: var(--bg);
    color: var(--text);
    font-size: 15px;
    line-height: 1.7;
}

/* ══════════════════════════════
       HERO BANNER
    ══════════════════════════════ */
.research-hero {
    position: relative;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0a1e30 0%, #0d3d2a 60%, #0f2d4a 100%);
    padding: 64px 0 0;
    overflow: hidden;
}

/* Decorative mesh */
.research-hero::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background-image:
        radial-gradient(circle at 15% 40%, rgba(19, 160, 119, .18) 0%, transparent 55%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 85% 20%, rgba(27, 79, 138, .2) 0%, transparent 50%);
    pointer-events: none;
}

/* Grid lines decoration */
.hero-grid-lines {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background-image:
        linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, .03) 1px, transparent 1px),
        linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, .03) 1px, transparent 1px);
    background-size: 40px 40px;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.hero-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}

/* Breadcrumb */
.research-breadcrumb {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 6px;
    font-size: 12.5px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .45);
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.research-breadcrumb a {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .55);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color .15s;
}

.research-breadcrumb a:hover {
    color: var(--teal-mid);
}

.research-breadcrumb i {
    font-size: 10px;
}

/* Status badge */
.status-badge {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 5px;
    font-size: 11px;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: .5px;
    padding: 4px 12px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.status-badge.approved {
    background: rgba(19, 160, 119, .18);
    color: #6ee8c4;
    border: 1px solid rgba(19, 160, 119, .3);
}

.status-badge.pending {
    background: rgba(245, 158, 11, .15);
    color: #fbbf24;
    border: 1px solid rgba(245, 158, 11, .3);
}

.status-badge.rejected {
    background: rgba(229, 62, 62, .15);
    color: #fc8181;
    border: 1px solid rgba(229, 62, 62, .3);
}

/* Title */
.research-title {
    font-family: 'Syne', sans-serif;
    font-size: clamp(22px, 4vw, 36px);
    font-weight: 800;
    color: #ffffff;
    line-height: 1.22;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

/* Meta pills row */
.meta-pills {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 8px;
    margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.meta-pill {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 6px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, .07);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);
    border-radius: 30px;
    padding: 5px 14px;
    font-size: 12.5px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .7);
}

.meta-pill i {
    font-size: 13px;
    color: var(--teal-mid);
}

/* Tags */
.hero-tags {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 6px;
    margin-bottom: 36px;
}

.hero-tag {
    display: inline-block;
    background: rgba(19, 160, 119, .15);
    border: 1px solid rgba(19, 160, 119, .25);
    color: #8ee8cc;
    font-size: 11.5px;
    font-weight: 500;
    padding: 3px 12px;
    border-radius: 20px;
}

/* Stat counters */
.hero-stats {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, .08);
    padding-top: 24px;
    margin-top: 4px;
}

.hero-stat {
    flex: 1;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 0 16px;
    border-right: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, .08);
}

.hero-stat:first-child {
    padding-left: 0;
}

.hero-stat:last-child {
    border-right: none;
}

.hero-stat-num {
    font-family: 'Syne', sans-serif;
    font-size: 24px;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: #ffffff;
    display: block;
    line-height: 1;
    margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.hero-stat-label {
    font-size: 11px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .4);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
}

/* Cover image */
.hero-cover-wrap {
    border-radius: 16px 16px 0 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 -8px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, .25);
    margin-top: 32px;
}

.hero-cover-wrap img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 220px;
    object-fit: cover;
    display: block;
}

/* ══════════════════════════════
       ACTION BAR (sticky)
    ══════════════════════════════ */
.action-bar {
    background: var(--white);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    padding: 14px 0;
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 100;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(15, 45, 74, .06);
}

.action-bar-inner {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 12px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.action-bar-title {
    font-family: 'Syne', sans-serif;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--navy);
    max-width: 420px;
    white-space: nowrap;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
}

.action-btns {
    display: flex;
    gap: 8px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.btn-teal {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 6px;
    background: var(--teal);
    color: var(--white);
    border: none;
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 9px 18px;
    font-family: 'Outfit', sans-serif;
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background .2s, transform .15s;
}

.btn-teal:hover {
    background: #0e8a67;
    color: var(--white);
    transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.btn-outline-teal {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 6px;
    background: transparent;
    color: var(--teal);
    border: 1.5px solid var(--teal);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 8px 16px;
    font-family: 'Outfit', sans-serif;
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background .2s, color .2s;
}

.btn-outline-teal:hover {
    background: var(--teal-soft);
    color: var(--teal);
}

.btn-ghost {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 6px;
    background: transparent;
    color: var(--muted);
    border: 1.5px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 8px 14px;
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 500;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: border-color .2s, color .2s, background .2s;
}

.btn-ghost:hover {
    border-color: var(--teal);
    color: var(--teal);
    background: var(--teal-soft);
}

/* ══════════════════════════════
       MAIN LAYOUT
    ══════════════════════════════ */
.research-body {
    padding: 40px 0 72px;
}

/* ── Content card ── */
.content-card {
    background: var(--white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    padding: 36px 36px;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.card-section-title {
    font-family: 'Syne', sans-serif;
    font-size: 17px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--navy);
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    padding-bottom: 12px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
}

.card-section-title i {
    color: var(--teal);
    font-size: 18px;
}

.card-section-title::after {
    content: '';
    display: block;
    flex: 1;
}

/* Abstract */
.abstract-text {
    font-size: 15px;
    color: var(--text);
    line-height: 1.85;
    padding: 18px 20px;
    background: var(--bg);
    border-left: 3px solid var(--teal);
    border-radius: 0 10px 10px 0;
    font-style: italic;
}

/* Research content typography */
.research-content {
    font-size: 15px;
    color: var(--text);
    line-height: 1.9;
}

.research-content h2,
.research-content h3 {
    font-family: 'Syne', sans-serif;
    color: var(--navy);
    margin: 28px 0 12px;
}

.research-content h2 {
    font-size: 20px;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.research-content h3 {
    font-size: 17px;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.research-content p {
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.research-content ul,
.research-content ol {
    padding-left: 22px;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.research-content li {
    margin-bottom: 6px;
}

.research-content blockquote {
    border-left: 3px solid var(--teal);
    padding: 10px 18px;
    background: var(--teal-soft);
    border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0;
    margin: 20px 0;
    color: var(--muted);
    font-style: italic;
}

/* Tags */
.tag-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 8px;
}

.research-tag {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 5px;
    background: var(--teal-soft);
    color: var(--teal);
    border: 1px solid rgba(19, 160, 119, .2);
    font-size: 12.5px;
    font-weight: 500;
    padding: 5px 14px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    transition: background .2s, border-color .2s;
}

.research-tag:hover {
    background: #c8f0e2;
    border-color: var(--teal);
}

.research-tag i {
    font-size: 11px;
}

/* ── Sidebar ── */

/* Author card */
.sidebar-card {
    background: var(--white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    padding: 24px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.sidebar-card-title {
    font-family: 'Syne', sans-serif;
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 1.5px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--muted);
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 7px;
}

.sidebar-card-title i {
    color: var(--teal);
}

/* Author */
.author-avatar {
    width: 52px;
    height: 52px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    object-fit: cover;
    border: 2px solid var(--teal-soft);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px var(--teal-mid);
}

.author-name {
    font-family: 'Syne', sans-serif;
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--navy);
}

.author-type {
    font-size: 12px;
    color: var(--muted);
}

/* Publication meta */
.pub-meta-row {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding: 10px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    font-size: 13px;
}

.pub-meta-row:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
    padding-bottom: 0;
}

.pub-meta-label {
    color: var(--muted);
    font-weight: 500;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 6px;
}

.pub-meta-label i {
    color: var(--teal);
    font-size: 14px;
}

.pub-meta-value {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--navy);
    text-align: right;
    max-width: 60%;
}

/* DOI link */
.doi-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 5px;
    color: var(--teal);
    font-size: 12.5px;
    font-weight: 500;
    word-break: break-all;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.doi-link:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Download CTA */
.download-cta {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy) 0%, #0d3d2a 100%);
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    padding: 24px;
    text-align: center;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.download-cta::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background: radial-gradient(circle at 80% 20%, rgba(19, 160, 119, .2) 0%, transparent 60%);
    pointer-events: none;
}

.download-cta-icon {
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    background: rgba(19, 160, 119, .2);
    border-radius: 12px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 22px;
    color: #6ee8c4;
    margin: 0 auto 12px;
}

.download-cta h5 {
    font-family: 'Syne', sans-serif;
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #fff;
    margin-bottom: 6px;
}

.download-cta p {
    font-size: 12.5px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.btn-download {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 7px;
    background: var(--teal);
    color: var(--white);
    border: none;
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 10px 22px;
    font-size: 13.5px;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background .2s, transform .15s;
}

.btn-download:hover {
    background: #0e8a67;
    color: #fff;
    transform: translateY(-1px);
}

/* Short description highlight */
.short-desc-box {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f0f9f6 0%, #e8f3f9 100%);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    border-left: 4px solid var(--teal);
    border-radius: 0 12px 12px 0;
    padding: 18px 20px;
    font-size: 14.5px;
    color: var(--text);
    line-height: 1.75;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
}

/* Page load animation */
@keyframes fadeUp {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateY(16px);
    }

    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

.content-card {
    animation: fadeUp 0.4s ease both;
}

.sidebar-card {
    animation: fadeUp 0.4s ease both;
}

.download-cta {
    animation: fadeUp 0.4s ease both;
}

.content-card:nth-child(1) {
    animation-delay: 0.05s;
}

.content-card:nth-child(2) {
    animation-delay: 0.12s;
}

.content-card:nth-child(3) {
    animation-delay: 0.19s;
}

.sidebar-card:nth-child(1) {
    animation-delay: 0.08s;
}

.sidebar-card:nth-child(2) {
    animation-delay: 0.16s;
}

.download-cta {
    animation-delay: 0.24s;
}

/* Responsive */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .content-card {
        padding: 22px 18px;
    }

    .hero-stats {
        gap: 0;
    }

    .hero-stat {
        padding: 0 10px;
    }

    .hero-stat-num {
        font-size: 20px;
    }

    .action-bar-title {
        display: none;
    }
}